Green Corruption
Green Corruption
The Green Corruption programme is a multi-disciplinary initiative that targets environmental degradation using anti-corruption and governance tools.
Our team consists of specialists in financial investigation and asset recovery, public governance, intelligence and environmental crime.
We work worldwide with the public and private sectors and civil society to bring a “follow the money” approach to the fight against illegal wildlife trade (IWT), forest crimes, illegal mining and other environmental crimes. This includes supporting our law enforcement partners to build investigative capacity to trace illicit funds and confiscate the proceeds of crime.
The aim is to make it much more difficult to profit from environmental crime for criminal organisations, unscrupulous corporations and corrupt officials that are exploiting our planet for personal gain.
To complement this enforcement work, we are collaborating with environmental government agencies to strengthen their internal resilience against corruption that may influence and undermine their operations.
New eLearning course on open-source intelligence
A brand new eLearning course on our free Basel LEARN platform introduces the rich possibilities of open-source intelligence for investigations.
Latest News
Train-the-Trainer programme on financial investigations and asset recovery gets underway in Kosovo
Kosovan financial investigators, police, prosecutors and judges have completed the first phase of an intensive Train-the-Trainer (TTT) programme on financial investigations and asset recovery. Led by our International Centre for Asset Recovery (ICAR) [training team](https://baselgovernance.org/asset-recovery/training-programmes) in conjunction with UNDP and the Kosovo Judicial Academy, the five-phase TTT programme aims to result in four or five ICAR Certified Trainers while simultaneously training other local participants in the process. Following their certification, the Kosovan trainers will go on to deliver the training to their counterparts as a formal part of Kosovo’s judicial training programme. ### Supporting Kosovo’s anti-corruption efforts The five-day training workshop, which took place in Prizren, Kosovo from 16–20 May 2022, was part of the Support to Anti-Corruption Efforts in Kosovo ([SAEK III](https://www.undp.org/kosovo/press-releases/launch-third-phase-undp%E2%80%99s-support-anti-corruption-efforts-kosovo-saek-project-2020-2024)) project of UNDP Kosovo. The Basel Institute is an implementing partner of the project, which seeks to reduce corruption in Kosovo by strengthening monitoring and oversight mechanisms of institutions to perform in an efficient, transparent, accountable and gender-sensitive manner. It is funded by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) office in Kosovo and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA). The TTT programme is an integral part of our efforts to sustainably enhance the capacity of investigators and prosecutors in Kosovo to successfully investigate and prosecute corruption and money laundering cases, and recover assets. It follows a [February 2020 training programme](https://baselgovernance.org/news/kosovan-anti-corruption-officials-explore-new-asset-confiscation-law-during-icar-training) on the same topic, in which the 25 participants were specifically challenged to make use of Kosovo’s recent Law of Extended Powers on Confiscation of Assets. ### Why financial investigations training? A financial investigation is an important tool in detecting money laundering, terrorist financing and other serious crimes, as well as in enabling the freezing, seizure and confiscation of the proceeds of crime. Financial investigation in complex corruption and money laundering cases requires specialist skills and techniques in intelligence gathering, prosecution strategies and asset tracing, among others. Of these techniques, one of the judges at the May 2022 training was particularly complimentary about [Source and Application analysis](https://baselgovernance.org/publications/quick-guide-22-analysing-suspects-financial-affairs-corruption-case), a method to organise and present financial evidence gathered during an investigation in a way that highlights or identifies illicit or unknown income. Putting such skills and techniques into practice requires a thorough knowledge of relevant Kosovan legislation, and a deep understanding of the legal and practical processes and procedures for recovering assets abroad. To tie these elements together, the centrepiece of the ICAR training programme is an extensive hands-on practical exercise in which the participants actually conduct a Kosovo-specific simulated investigation. ### Learn more * Find out about our [ICAR training team](https://baselgovernance.org/asset-recovery/training-programmes) and unique methodology, and download the current brochure in English, Spanish, French and Portuguese. * Learn more about the Basel Institute’s [cooperation with the Office of the Chief Prosecutor of Kosovo](https://baselgovernance.org/news/new-cooperation-kosovos-office-chief-prosecutor-asset-recovery-undp-support) under the SAEK programme. * For a brief introduction to Source and Application analysis, see this [Quick guide to analysing a suspect’s financial affairs in a corruption case](https://baselgovernance.org/publications/quick-guide-22-analysing-suspects-financial-affairs-corruption-case). More in-depth guidance is in the step-by-step [Guide to proving illicit enrichment using financial investigation and Source and Application of Funds analysis](https://baselgovernance.org/publications/proving-illicit-enrichment-using-financial-investigation-and-source-and-application) and our self-paced [eLearning course on Source and Application of Funds analysis](https://learn.baselgovernance.org/course/view.php?id=17), available in English and Ukrainian.
New agreement with Government of Bulgaria to strengthen anti-corruption and asset recovery efforts
The Government of Bulgaria and Basel Institute on Governance have signed a Memorandum of Understanding covering long-term collaboration in the country’s efforts to combat corruption and recover stolen public funds. Through the agreement, the Basel Institute will support the Bulgarian authorities in strengthening the capacity of specialised law enforcement, judicial and other relevant officers to effectively investigate cases of corruption and related financial crime, identify and trace illicit proceeds, and recover them for the benefit of Bulgarian citizens. In addition to training and hands-on technical assistance, ICAR will work with our partners in Bulgaria to review the current anti-corruption chain, illuminate key blockages and structural deficits, and identify potential solutions. Kiril Petkov, Prime Minister of Bulgaria, and Gretta Fenner, the Basel Institute’s Managing Director, signed the agreement in the Bulgarian capital Sofia on 18 May 2022, moments after the agreement was approved by the Council of Ministers. The signing ceremony was also attended by the Minister of Justice, Mme. Nadezhda Yordanova, who will be a key partner in this programme. The Prime Minister acknowledged that the fight against corruption is a long-term endeavour, commenting: “This partnership is another step in the right direction, and we hope to deliver concrete results together.” On the same day, the Council of Ministers also approved draft amendments to the Bulgarian law on judicial powers that aim to strengthen cooperation with the European Public Prosecutor’s Office (EPPO). Emphasising that this is an important piece in the puzzle, Gretta Fenner said: “We are in this partnership for the long run. The first priority is to bring more checks and balances, more accountability, into key enforcement and judicial authorities. Then we need to make sure that citizens see, and feel, the impact of these reforms. It will be incremental changes, but we are confident that change is already happening.”
Financial investigations training for Zimbabwean anti-corruption officers
Our International Centre for Asset Recovery (ICAR) [training team](https://baselgovernance.org/asset-recovery/training-programmes) was in the Zimbabwean capital Harare at the end of April to deliver our flagship Financial Investigations and Asset Recovery training programme. The 23 participants in the week-long intensive workshop were mostly investigators and prosecutors from the Zimbabwe Anti-Corruption Commission (ZACC), the National Prosecuting Authority (NPA), the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) and the Zimbabwe Revenue Authority (ZIMRA). These four agencies are all key stakeholders in fighting corruption and money laundering in Zimbabwe. Hon. Justice L. Matanda Moyo, Chairperson of ZACC, stated in her opening remarks that the training is part of a wider multidisciplinary approach to fighting corruption in Zimbabwe. It is the result of inter-agency cooperation in which, among other topics, the stakeholder agencies identify areas of joint training needs. ICAR training programmes regularly bring officers from different agencies together for intensive, hands-on workshops such as this. This approach has proven to have clear benefits in promoting inter-agency relationships and cooperation. ### Essential skills for complex investigations The training provided the participants with the essential skills and simple but yet powerful tools to handle high-profile and complex financial investigations. As one participant commented: “The course was very informative…. a lot of grey areas in money laundering have been cleared. I am looking forward to delivering excellence after this training. The course also assisted me in dissecting and understanding the relevant sections \[of our laws\] on money laundering.” ### Simulated investigation The participants were immersed in a simulated corruption and money-laundering investigation during which they actively followed investigative leads, made decisions and analysed and solved problems, using the Zimbabwean legal framework. The experience also allowed them to reflect upon the challenges that such investigations entail and possible solutions to overcome them. A participant commented: “The teaching methods were excellent, the clarifications clear and the lectures insightful. I return to my organisation better equipped and more knowledgeable.” ### Ongoing collaboration with international support The Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit ([GIZ](https://www.giz.de/en/html/index.html)) sponsored the training, which took place under a case consultancy agreement signed between ZACC, NPA and ICAR. Under the agreement, ICAR provides (among other things) technical support and training in asset recovery, as well as expertise in obtaining evidence from other jurisdictions to assist domestic prosecutions.
Why Thai SMEs are seeking anti-corruption certification through Collective Action
Multinational companies are no strangers to problems of corruption in their supply chains, which can bring significant legal, financial and reputational risks. Especially when entering new markets, many companies find it difficult to identify credible local partners and to assess their adherence to anti-corruption regulations. Anti-corruption Collective Action can be a means of bridging this gap and facilitating market access for both multinational companies and local suppliers or partners. Some Collective Action initiatives offer [certification](https://collective-action.com/explore/certification/) as a way to support their members in strengthening their anti-corruption credentials. One such initiative is the [Thai CAC](https://collective-action.com/explore/initiatives/1388), a key player in the field of Collective Action in Thailand. The Thai CAC has made remarkable progress since its establishment in 2010, and through the Collective Action initiative, has certified over a thousand companies. With the support of Thailand’s key business associations, the certification process strengthens the private sector in its implementation of Thailand’s national strategic goal to counter corruption set by the National Anti-Corruption Commission. With the support of the Basel Institute’s Collective Action team, the Thai CAC is now seeking to engage small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in its certification programmes. ### What benefits do SMEs see in engaging in Collective Action and achieving certification for their anti-corruption practices? Among the beneficiaries of the Thai CAC’s certification programme for SMEs is Felicia Design, a fine jewellery manufacturer. The company is led by Vibeke Lyssand Leirvag, Founder & Managing Director, and Domenica Piantedosi, General Manager. The following excerpts from their interview with the CAC demonstrate how their business has benefitted from the certification. #### “Corruption is a disease of societies just as cancer is of people.” According to Domenica Piantedosi, corruption in Thailand remains pervasive, which impacts all of society: > “It undermines public trust and leads to wasting resources.” Ms. Piantedosi also highlighted mistrust in the private sector, which can impact international business operations. For Vibeke Lyssand Leirvag, corruption is always a choice and engaging in it was never part of their companies’ values. Although most SMEs fear that they are too small to have a voice in the fight against corruption, Ms. Lyssand Leirvag is convinced that: > “If the majority has the will, a corruption system can be changed.” She claims that refusal to engage needs to be followed by taking a stand against corruption, thus not implicitly allowing corrupt practices to happen. #### Anti-corruption certification for SMEs has benefits externally… One external advantage of Collective Action efforts like the Thai CAC certification programme lies in its capability to empower small-scale businesses and build trust in international markets. Especially Felicia Design, with most its clients based in Scandinavia, needs to “comply with foreign laws and/or stock-exchange regulations”. The CAC certification can help small businesses set up these policies and procedures, thus reducing the risk on both sides. Moreover, Vibeke Lyssand Leirvag and Domenica Piantedosi benefit from the use of the Thai CAC certification in their external communications. This not only conveys their respect for ethical business practices to their supply chain but also to their customers. Through certification, SMEs are empowered to actively prevent corruption and to take a visible stance against corrupt practices. This illustrates one way that Collective Action has the power to change society. > “Any company that feels this way should join CAC because together we can change the system. \[…\] Changes will take hold only when the majority applies these principles.” #### …and internally: Engagement with the Thai CAC helps beneficiary companies to strengthen policies and internal controls tailored to the Thai context. This ensures management and employees are trained and take ownership of corruption prevention. The Thai CAC understands the constraints of SMEs and helps them formalise and effectively communicate internal policies and controls. Similarly, Felicia Design has profited from the CAC through strengthening its existing anti-corruption policies and training. Domenica Piantedosi states that: >“Joining CAC allowed us to reinforce the anti-corruption message to our staff through the tailored CAC training courses and ... helped our staff have a better understanding of the reasons behind some of our policies for example, the ‘no gifts policy’.” Both management and staff benefit from this improvement of mutual understanding through more effective communication. Vibeke Lyssand Leirvag particularly stresses that it helped convey to their staff “that we practise what we preach.” ### What does the future hold? Supported by our Collective Action team with funding from the [KBA-Notasys Integrity Fund](https://banknote-solutions.koenig-bauer.com/en/integrity-fund/), the Thai CAC is working to extend its certification scheme to engage more SMEs. The Thai CAC approach has already been replicated in [Indonesia](https://collective-action.com/explore/initiatives/2034). This model has potential for duplication in other countries which would in turn positively impact SMEs looking at engaging in international supply chains. ### Learn more * Read the original interview between the Thai CAC and Felicia Design [here](http://www.thai-iod.com/imgUpload/Untitled%20design.pdf). * Learn more about the benefits of [local certification in this Working Paper](https://collective-action.com/explore/publications/1818). * Read about the [collaboration between the Thai CAC and the Basel Institute](https://collective-action.com/news/new-partnership-to-support-anti-corruption-compliance-certification-through-collective-action-in-thailand-2036). * Find out more about local certification initiatives in other regions on the [B20 Collective Action Hub](https://collective-action.com/explore/certification/), a global resource centre for information and inspiration on anti-corruption Collective Action. * Did you know the Basel Institute’s Collective Action team operates a free [Mentoring Programme](https://collective-action.com/get-involved/mentoring-programme) for new and established Collective Action initiatives? * Visit our [Helpdesk](https://collective-action.com/get-involved/helpdesk) to have your personal question concerning anti-corruption Collective Action answered.
Smarter use of confiscated assets would multiply their impact
Within days of Russia’s illegal invasion of Ukraine, Western governments imposed unprecedented economic sanctions against the Russian state and certain Russian oligarchs. They are now working to identify and freeze assets linked to sanctioned individuals and entities – a magnificent challenge in itself. Expectations are already skyrocketing as regards the potential of confiscating these assets, and politicians make strong statements about how they should ultimately be used. This has put a political spotlight on a debate that has long been on the agenda of asset recovery discussions: how should recovered assets be utilised? This is not only a legal but at least as much a political issue, because international treaties are not specific in this regard. The public are often cynical when faced with claims of recovered assets which are allocated to the general budget with little or no oversight. Sometimes, the speculation is that the same recovered assets have been diverted for the benefit of individuals rather than the collective good. Recognising this risk and the public expectation, countries that return or receive recovered assets have tried various schemes over the years to safeguard and maximise their use. None of these discussions has been plain sailing, also because each case of asset repatriation is very different – legally, technically and politically. In countries that we support through our [International Centre for Asset Recovery](https://baselgovernance.org/asset-recovery), there have been some really interesting and innovative initiatives to utilise assets: ### For pandemic-struck hospitals In Kenya, as pandemic-related pressure mounted on the country’s health system, the Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions and the Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission [handed over 20 billion Kenyan shillings](https://baselgovernance.org/news/kenya-usd-271-million-stolen-assets-recovered-and-fast-upward-trend) (approximately USD 18 million at the time) to the Ministry of Health to equip the countries’ hospitals with equipment. Formally handed over at a ceremony to which the media were invited, the money came directly from confiscated proceeds of corruption. So in this case, the recovered assets were not only put to good use in the fight against Covid-19. The action also helped to demonstrate how corruption hurts citizens, and in turn how recovering stolen assets can benefit citizens – and to right a wrong of which Kenyan citizens have been the victims. ### For student bursaries The Kenyan example triggered a great deal of interest in the region in how recovered proceeds of corruption could be tangibly and visibly utilised. Next, in February 2022, the Zambia Anti-Corruption Commission publicly [handed over](https://www.lusakatimes.com/2022/02/23/anti-corruption-commission-officially-hands-over-recovered-proceeds-from-crime/) USD 57,000 USD and 65.3 million kwacha (approximately USD 3.6 million) of recovered funds to the Ministry of Education. Both the Minister and the President committed to utilising these funds for bursaries to enable under-privileged students to complete university education. Here, too, citizens who are the primary victims of corruption are the ones to feel the direct benefit of asset recovery. ### To strengthen criminal justice institutions Internationally recovered proceeds of corruption have been used in similarly positive ways. An interesting example comes from Peru, which in 2020 signed a [tripartite agreement](https://baselgovernance.org/news/it-takes-three-tango-switzerland-luxembourg-and-peru-sign-agreement-return-usd-26-million) with Switzerland and Luxembourg in relation to around USD 26 million in repatriated assets that had been stolen through corruption under the regime of former President Fujimori. Under this agreement, these assets are now being used to strengthen the country’s criminal justice and asset recovery institutions. Peru’s proposal to use the funds in this way goes straight to the core of the problem – corruption – and will help [multiply the impact](https://baselgovernance.org/blog/opinion-return-stolen-assets-requires-innovative-thinking-dialogue-and-collaboration) of the returned funds. The agreement also contains provisions that will ensure transparency and accountability in the use of the funds. ### For intensive care units and Covid-19 relief Another interesting example is the asset-sharing agreement signed in March 2022 between Kenya and the Bailiwick of Jersey to repatriate GBP 3 million to Kenya. This was the culmination of a multi-year investigation and prosecution which led to the confiscation of funds from a Jersey-registered company, Windward Trading. It was the Windward Trading case that had originally triggered the development of the Framework for the Recovery of Funds from Crime and Corruption in Kenya ([FRACCK](https://baselgovernance.org/news/fracck-agreement-kenya-illustrates-partnership-essential-when-disposal-confiscated-assets)), which was signed by the Governments of Kenya, Jersey, Switzerland and the UK in 2018. The purpose of the agreement is to streamline the repatriation of funds to Kenya and to ensure that they will be utilised in line with national development priorities. The agreement also provides for the monitoring and evaluation of the use of returned funds. In this first utilisation, under the Kenya–Jersey agreement, the recovered assets are to be used to acquire medical equipment for intensive care units and to assist families adversely affected by the pandemic. Similar to the Covid-19 use of domestically repatriated funds, citizens will be able to experience the direct impact of successful anti-corruption enforcement. ### Considering the causes, consequences and victims of corruption There are other examples where recovered assets have been used in innovative and interesting ways, and more in the pipeline. What these examples all have in common is that careful consideration was given to either the root cause of corruption (Peru) or to the harm caused by corruption and their victims (Kenya, Zambia). The international cases (Peru and Kenya) have also benefited greatly for a collaborative attitude of both requesting and requested states. The recovery of stolen assets is of course about the money. But just as much it is about what we sometimes refer to as the [“soft assets”.](https://baselgovernance.org/publications/working-paper-29-recovering-assets-support-sdgs-soft-hard-assets-development) Namely, that citizens benefit from the enforcement action and the original negative impact of corruption is at least somewhat countered. In time, the rule of law, trust in government and effective public services are restored. The above examples provide some food for thought for countries grappling with the question of how best to employ recovered proceeds of corruption and other crimes. The answers they come up with may be different, but what’s important is that all sides – including citizens – get the clear sense that something good came out of the bad.
Enriquecimiento ilícito: libro de acceso abierto dedicado a las leyes sobre enriquecimiento ilícito, ahora disponible en español
_[English version here](https://baselgovernance.org/news/enriquecimiento-ilicito-open-access-book-illicit-enrichment-laws-now-available-spanish)_ Nos complace anunciar que nuestro libro de acceso abierto, [_Enriquecimiento ilícito:_ _una guía sobre las leyes que abordan los activos de procedencia inexplicable_](https://baselgovernance.org/publications/enriquecimiento-ilicito-una-guia-sobre-las-leyes-que-abordan-los-activos-de) de Andrew Dornbierer, ya está disponible en español. El libro explora el rápido crecimiento de la legislación sobre enriquecimiento ilícito (activos de procedencia inexplicable) en todo el mundo y su uso para combatir la corrupción y recuperar activos obtenidos ilícitamente. Al igual que la versión original en inglés, se trata de una publicación revisada por pares que puede leerse, descargarse y compartirse libremente desde [illicitenrichment.baselgovernance.org](https://illicitenrichment.baselgovernance.org/). ### Abordando los activos de procedencia inexplicable en el mundo hispanohablante Muchos países de habla hispana han redactado e introducido legislación sobre enriquecimiento ilícito para perseguir la corrupción. Esta legislación es bastante frecuente en Sudamérica y Centroamérica, donde [25 países](https://learn.baselgovernance.org/mod/data/view.php?id=2033) ya han promulgado algún tipo de ley al respecto. Mientras que algunos países han tenido éxito en el uso de estas leyes –como Argentina y México–, otros parecen dubitativos en hacerlas cumplir en todos los casos. De hecho, la mayoría de estos países nunca han utilizado sus leyes. Este es un problema común en todo el mundo. ¿Por qué? Una de las razones es que no se cuenta con una cantidad significativa de comentarios y guías sobre cómo redactar, investigar, judicializar y dictar fallos en virtud de estas leyes. Esta versión en español de _Enriquecimiento ilícito_ proporcionará una orientación muy necesaria para las agencias de orden público de habla hispana de todo el mundo. Se espera que también ofrezca conocimientos básicos para los especialistas con respecto a la investigación, el enjuiciamiento y los fallos en virtud de estas leyes. ### El desafío de traducir los conceptos, las leyes y la práctica La traducción de este libro de inglés a español estuvo a cargo de [Pantoglot Ltda.](https://www.pantoglot.com/en/), líder en el sector de la traducción en Sudamérica, con sede en Bogotá, Colombia. Adicionalmente, la persona encargada de revisar la versión traducida fue Sandra Comesaña, miembro de [Hengeler Mueller](https://www.hengeler.com/en), bufete especializado en delitos económicos y empresariales, destacado a nivel internacional, con sede en Alemania. Comentando la experiencia, indicó: “La obra de Andrew Dornbierer y el Basel Institute sobre "Enriquecimiento Ilícito" supone una importante contribución al esfuerzo internacional de detectar, sancionar y, eventualmente, prevenir la corrupción, así como otros delitos financieros "yendo a por el dinero". La guía práctica que ofrece el libro sobre la recuperación de activos en más de 100 jurisdicciones constituye una herramienta inestimable para profesionales tanto del sector privado como del público, así como para académicos, que ahora por fin está disponible en español, facilitando el acceso a particulares e instituciones específicamente en el mercado español y latinoamericano. Hengeler Mueller agradece haber tenido la oportunidad de contribuir a la versión en español. Hengeler Mueller asesora regularmente a clientes internacionales en diversos asuntos que implican complejas cuestiones de recuperación de activos multi-jurisdiccionales, tanto en solitario como en colaboración, especialmente, con los miembros de su red Best Friends compuesta por los principales despachos independientes de Europa." El apoyo gratuito para la revisión de la traducción fue facilitado por [The Academy of Financial Crime Litigators](https://www.financialcrimelitigators.org/), un centro global independiente y no partidista que da forma y hace avanzar las prácticas de litigio de delitos financieros con miras al futuro. ### Acerca del libro Publicado en inglés por el Basel Institute on Governance en junio de 2021, _Enriquecimiento ilícito_ del _Senior Asset Recovery Specialist_ Andrew Dornbierer, presenta: * Un amplio análisis de la jurisprudencia y casos de todo el mundo * Cuadros, diagramas de flujo y gráficos que explican los conceptos clave * Análisis de preguntas e impugnaciones comunes * Contribuciones de profesionales de todo el mundo, incluido un análisis de la introducción y evolución del delito de enriquecimiento ilícito en Perú por parte del Dr. Alcides Chinchay, fiscal supremo del Ministerio Público de Perú. * [Anexo 1](https://baselgovernance.org/publications/compilation-illicit-enrichment-legislation-and-other-relevant-legislation): una colección de leyes de 103 jurisdicciones, también en forma de [base de datos](https://learn.baselgovernance.org/mod/data/view.php?id=2033) en línea (en inglés) * [Anexo 2](https://baselgovernance.org/publications/proving-illicit-enrichment-using-financial-investigation-and-source-and-application): una guía paso a paso de investigaciones financieras y análisis del estado de origen y aplicación de fondos para respaldar los casos de enriquecimiento ilícito (en inglés) El desarrollo y la publicación de este libro sobre _enriquecimiento ilícito_ estuvo a cargo del Basel Institute on Governance a través del [International Centre for Asset Recovery](https://baselgovernance.org/asset-recovery), con el apoyo investigativo de la NYU School of Law. ### Dónde encontrarlo Puede encontrar la versión en línea en: [illicitenrichment.baselgovernance.org](https://illicitenrichment.baselgovernance.org/). Promovemos su reutilización e intercambio bajo una licencia Creative Commons [CC BY-NC-ND 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). El libro también está disponible para [imprimirse a precio de coste en Amazon en todo el mundo](https://baselgovernance.org/publications/enriquecimiento-ilicito-una-guia-sobre-las-leyes-que-abordan-los-activos-de).
What is Green Corruption?
Corruption and weak governance are key enablers of environmental crime. As such, they are key drivers of environmental degradation in many parts of the world. This has become an existential threat to the environment and humankind.
Corruption and financial crime
Environmental crime
Environmental degradation
In brief, environmental criminals exploit gaps in governance and use corruption to facilitate illegal activities related to illegal wildlife trade (IWT), illegal unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing, illegal logging, illegal mining and waste trafficking. They then launder the profits of their illicit trades using the licit financial industry.
To prevent further environmental degradation resulting from the illegal exploitation and trade of wildlife and other natural or polluting resources, it is essential to “follow the money”.
Removing opportunities for corruption, tracing illicit financial flows and confiscating the proceeds of crime will help to dismantle the criminal individuals and organisations that are exploiting the planet for personal gain.
Where can I learn more about Green Corruption?
In addition to browsing our publications, you can access an interactive four-part series on different aspects of green corruption on our online learning platform, Basel LEARN:
Illegal wildlife trade and financial crime
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Illegality in the exotic pet trade
Lorem, ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Tenetur sequi laboriosam accusamus nemo ullam asperiores. Deserunt sequi dicta illo error ratione iste quaerat nostrum.
Forest crime and the illegal timber trade
Lorem, ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Tenetur sequi laboriosam accusamus nemo ullam asperiores. Deserunt sequi dicta illo error ratione iste quaerat nostrum.
Corruption and marine wildlife trafficking
Lorem, ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Tenetur sequi laboriosam accusamus nemo ullam asperiores. Deserunt sequi dicta illo error ratione iste quaerat nostrum.
Find summaries and audio/video recordings from our Corrupting the Environment virtual event series here.
Our eLearning course on Open-source Intelligence, developed with funding from PMI Impact and available for free on our Basel LEARN platform, involves a simulated investigation into a case of illegal fishing.
You can also take a free introductory online training programme (two hours) on how to identify and mitigate financial risks related to illegal wildlife trade in general. It was co-developed by ACAMS (the largest association of anti-financial crime professionals) and WWF with our team’s support.